Historical ties are considered but the top seed “will not be at a geographical disadvantage.”
Technically all four P4s have SOME historical ties to the Rose Bowl. In the example given of the Sugar Bowl, the higher ranked Big 12 or SEC seed would get it. Preferential treatment to the highest seed continues to the semifinal. You have to read between the lines but if a top seeded undefeated Alabama wanted the Rose Bowl (who has played in 7 Rose Bowls), it would get it.
https://collegefootballplayoff.com/sports/2024/5/29/12-team-format.aspx